Advanced Medical Life Support (AMLS)

What physiological event is most commonly associated with anaphylaxis?

1. Hemorrhage

2. Vasodilation

3. Bradycardia

4. Hypertension

The correct answer is: Vasodilation

The physiological event most commonly associated with anaphylaxis is vasodilation. Anaphylaxis is a severe, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that involves the immune system responding to an allergen by releasing a significant amount of histamine and other mediators. This release leads to widespread vasodilation, which causes a rapid drop in blood pressure and can result in shock. During an anaphylactic reaction, the blood vessels expand, leading to a decrease in vascular resistance. This widespread vasodilation results in inadequate blood flow to vital organs, potentially leading to organ dysfunction if not treated promptly. The profound effects of vasodilation during anaphylaxis are central to understanding the urgency of the situation, as it can lead to symptoms such as lightheadedness, fainting, and difficulty in maintaining normal blood pressure. The other physiological events mentioned, such as hemorrhage, bradycardia, and hypertension, do not typically characterize anaphylaxis. Instead, the hallmark of this condition is the rapid onset of symptoms due to vasodilation and associated effects on cardiovascular stability.